Marcus Aurelius – To Himself is the 1898 English translation of the Roman Emperor’s timeless Meditations. Here titled To Himself, by classical scholar Gerald H. Rendall. This edition includes not only a fresh and scholarly translation of the original Greek text, but also a comprehensive introductory study on the Stoic philosophy and Marcus Aurelius’ unique place in its tradition.
In this volume, Rendall explores the roots of Stoicism—from the Pre-Socratics and Heraclitus, to Socratic ethics and the Cynic movement—and shows how Marcus Aurelius, as both a ruler and philosopher, represents the final flowering of ancient Stoicism. His notes “to himself” offer profound moral reflections and serve as spiritual exercises aimed at self-improvement, ethical clarity, and emotional discipline.
Rendall’s translation prioritises clarity, fidelity, and scholarly precision, making the work accessible while retaining its contemplative tone. The introduction offers valuable context for readers seeking a deeper understanding of Stoicism as a living philosophy, not just historical doctrine.
This edition is especially useful for those interested in the evolution of Stoic thought, the psychology of moral introspection, and the relevance of classical philosophy in modern ethical life.
Why this book is important
To Himself is not only one of the greatest works of Stoic philosophy but also one of the most personal and humane books from antiquity. This translation by Gerald H. Rendall brings new life and clarity to Marcus Aurelius’ meditations, and the introductory study provides historical, philosophical, and ethical insight that will benefit new readers and seasoned philosophers alike.
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To Himself – Marcus Aurelius